Para la medición de variables analógicas se usa un transmisor analógico, por ejemplo, si se quiere medir nivel en un tanque se coloca un transmisor de nivel que suministra como salida una señal analógica, la cual, en la mayoría de los casos, es de voltaje o corriente. La figura muestra una conexión para un transmisor de salida de corriente a dos hilos.
Transmisión analógica
Transmisión Analógica
Algunas características de la de salida del transmisor se muestran a continuación
Transmisión analógica de voltaje
- Usado para distancias cortas.
- El error se incrementa la medida se incrementa con la longitud del cable.
- Los rangos de voltajes más usados son: 0 a 5, 1 a 5 y 0 a 10 Vdc
- La carga deber ser mayor a 1KΩ
Transmisión analógica de corriente
- El rango más usado es 4 a 20 mA.
- Se verifica de forma natural fallas en el sistema
- Puede transmitir a distancias de 1 Km
- La carga puede ir desde 0 hasta 1000 Ω
- Tiene mayor inmunidad al ruido que la transmisión de voltaje
- La señal no se degrada con la distancia.
Escalamiento.
Para conocer la salida o la entrada de un transmisor se usan los escalamientos. Mediante el escalamiento se puede convertir una señal dentro de un rango a otro rango, esto se hace buscando la relación entre la entrada y la salida del transmisor. La mayoría de los transmisores son lineales, por esta razón, la relación corresponde a la ecuación de una línea recta. Para el ejemplo del tanque, si el transmisor tiene una salida de 16,8 mA (suponiendo el rango de 4 a 20mA) y se quisiera encontrar el porcentaje de nivel del tanque (en el rango de 0 a 100%) el valor correspondiente sería de 80%, como se ilustra en la figura.
Escalamento
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Lamento decirle, los calculos estan bien?
seria tan amable y brinda un paso a paso
y=mx+b
y=6.25 * x -25
%nivel = 6.25 * mA -25
%nivel = 6.25 * 16.8 -25
%nivel = 105 – 25
%nivel = 80
Como puedes ver en el paso a paso que solocitaste los cálculos son correctos
Hola.
Necesito medir una tension alterna desde 0V hasta 300V, pero necesito que el muestreo este aislado de mi circuito. Me gustaría saber si puedo aplicar esta ecuación de la recta para para este caso y que debo hacer si uso un elemento para el sampling que no sea lineal.
Claro, puedes usar la ecuación para la medición de voltaje, siempre y cuando se refiera a las valores RMS o picos de la misma. Si esta usando un dispositivo no lineal para hacer la medición entonces si podría haber un problema. Tendría que conocer más detalles para ver como volver a linealizarlo.
Puedes brindarme la fuente de tu información?. Gracias
Puedes referenciarlo como sigue:
Indriago, M. (1 abril, 2015). Transmisión Analógica y Escalamiento [Mensaje en un blog]. ControlReal. Recuperado de https://controlreal.com/es/transmision-analogica-y-escalamiento/